Oil heater



I Aug. 18, 1931. p M, KLElN 1,819,181

OIL HEATER 'Filed Jan. 27, 1927 l; M ilml III/IIA 63 INVENTOR Patented Aug. 18, 1931 PAUL IVI. KLEIN', OF CEDAR'HURST, NEW' YORK OIL HEATER Application led January 27, 1927. SeriaINo. 163,925.

This invention relates to oil heaters in general and particularly to the leindadapted to be placed into existing heating plants, and taking the place Aof coal.

5 One of the objects of. my invention is .to provide asiinple, readilyinstallable .heating device which will not require lthe employment of experts and may be readily installed by any one handy with tools.

3.0 Another object ot' `my invention is to provide a .device which may be readily adjusted from without the furnace as to leveling it and which will not require exacting accuracy in doing so.

l5 A further ob'ect of .my invention is to provide inconnec-tio-n with my4 device readily accessible means forV controlling, together with the oilI supply, various air` supplies from without the heating plant.

Another' object .of my dev-ice is to provide a combination unit of a generatorandcarburetter so designed as to be readily adjustable.

Another object of my i-nventionis to provide such .unit in .combination with a casing which may be readily removed from a iurnace without disturbing the rest of the parte of vthe device.. f

Another object of -my invention is `to provide in .connection with my generator and so Carburettor unit, means for readily removingthe former for .the purpose of changing or clean-ing it.

Another object of my invent-ion is to provide in combinationavith the generator controlled air supply means oradmitting air at comparatively high velocity and other air supply .means for admitting air at low velocity, and auxiliary, controlled air supply means tor admitting .air below or above the iiame produced.

Another obj ect of my invention is to provide a generator comprising means ior retaining a quanti-ty of oil in its liquid torni, which means alsoare adapted to retard the flow of oil and to permit -gasiication of the oil.

A further object of my invention is to provide in .connection with my generator, a nozzle so arranged as to prov-ide .an 4escape for either liquid or gasiled fuel centrally,

and having provisions for retaining at its tip, a minute quality of combustibles, and having further provisions of permitting either an atomization of liquid heating media, or amixtufre of gaseous media at high velocity.

The foregoing and further objects will 'becomemore fully apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings, forming part of this disclosure, but by no means intended to limit my invention to the showing, it being understood that equivalents and substitutions may be provided without departing from the broad scope or' my idea. o5

Before going onV with the description, it might be we-llrto'brieiiy outline the heretofore used artand compare same with the present invention.

For many years past it was theendeavor to apply oil heating fork industrial and domestic uses, and numerous devices, particularly for the latter purpose, have been constructed,.mostly based on theA principle Toi' what may be termed bnrningnof free oil employing usually oil oit' high gravity since a heavy oil could not be .usedat all.

Inniy previous applications for Letters Patent, I. have endeavored to explain that such method is futile for the reason that the y80 required aflinity between a liquid and air is not existent, .and that a proper combustible mixture may be obtained only by mixing gas and air, knowing that there is a marked aiiinity between these two media.

Fromthe above it is evident lthat mixing liquid fuel with air will always remain an unsnccesstul attempt to achieve proper combustion. Consequently., I have endeavored to first convert-the oil, even of comparatively low gravity, into g-as, by subjecting it to ahigh degree oflieat, and when thus `gasified to mix it successively with air of various properties.

In the present case it will be seen that the heating ofoil is accomplished without permitting direct iame to touch my generator. It is completely. surrounded by air which is heated. Furthermore, it will be seen that I tirstadmit air at comparatively high velocity and then, after the air is carburized by the gaseous fuel, an additional air supply is directed against the now combustible mixture at low velocity. Furthermore, additional air is added below and above the flame, when required. This can only be judged from the appearance of such flame.

Through long years of experience I have come to the conclusion that proper combustion can only be achieved by regulating the air supplied to the fuel in such proportion fuel .is admitted.

rlhe above general outline will be more thoroughly understood with reference to the accompanying drawings in which,

Fig. l is the top view of my device in one )f the preferred forms,

Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal vertical cross sectional view therethrough,

Fig. 3 is an end view of the portion disposed without the furnace,

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional detail view of my combination unit, including generator and carburetter,

Fig. 5 is an end view thereof, in partial cross section,

Fig. 6 represents a bottom detail view of one form of my nozzle showing means for supplying air at high velocity thereto,

Fig. 7 is a modified form in diagranmatical view of my nozzle,

Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view through a modified form of a flame deflector.

Referring to the drawings, numeral 10 denotes, in broken lines,the water jacket portion of a furnace which sits on a base 11, (Fig. 2), which base usually includes what is generally known as the ash pit. The latter is preferably provided with an ash pit door extension 12, (Fig. 1).

Placed into the ash pit is, what I may term, a flame deflector 13 which is permanently supported and surrounded by refractory material indica-ted at 14. This flame deflector is preferably made of a dishshaped form and partially filled with refractory material 15. The dish-shaped upper portion of the device is supported by peripheral rim 16, the upper edge of which is beveled as indicated at 17. The beveled portion is preferably provided with a plurality of air holes 13 arranged circumferentially. The upright portion 16 extends into a. neck 19 in which is also provided an overflow connection 20. From the latter eX- tends an overflow pipe V21. Overlapping extension 19 is a channel-formed member 22 which permits air to pass into the space below the dished portion of the flame deflector. I preferably provide a control valve 23 at the entrance of that channel extension Attached to the door extension 12 is a frame 24 provided with an opening 25 through which the other parts of my device may be inserted, or through which these parts may be readily removed without disturbing the flame deflector or any other portions of the furnace. F or this purpose I provide an auxiliary plate 26 which fits about the neck of my device 'and which may be conveniently attached to frame 24.

The removable portion of my device consists of a casing 27, adapted to be placed in frontk of the furnace and provided with leveling means indicated at 2S of any desired construction. lhe casing takes the form of box, the upper portion of which is reduced in width and extends into the furnace. rlhis upper portion consists of an outer hull 29, terminating in a spout 30 within the furnace.

This hull is opened at its upper end and is covered by an air duct 31 which is broad at the place where the hull is broad and reducing in the same way as the hull does, and terminating at 32 in a cone-shaped chamber. The duct 3l is provided with an upper edge or flange 33 extending outwards and a bead 34 arranged along the entire contour and adapted to litwithin the open upper portion of the hull. The flange provides together with the upper edge of the hull an effective seal and is held by means of bolts 35 in intimate contact with the hull. Duct 31 is so arranged as to pro'- vide a side channel or air duct between itself and the hull as indicated at 36. It will be also seen that an air space is provided betweenrthe lower face 37 of the-duet and the horizontal inner surface 38 of the hull extension.

The. outer portion of air duct 31 is broadened into hood-like extension 39, in which will be seen an air control valve 40. A similar air control valve 41 is disposed in the opening of the hull and below air duct 31. Above air duct 31 there is arranged another air .channel 42, provided with a control valve 43, for admitting air above the produced flame. Suitable handles connected with each of the valves are provided to operate and adjust same for producing best combustible mixtures under high and low fuel supply conditions.

The cone-shaped terminal 32 of the air duct 31 is open at its upper end and adapted to be closed by a cover 44, which is held down by means of clamps indicated at 45.

At thecenter of the cover there is provided an adjusting nut 46 through which passes a threaded spindle 46, extending from cover 4G of the generator 47. To the latter is connected a supply pipe 48 through which liquid oil is passed into the valley formed between the outer wall of the generator and the inner extension 49 thereof. Attached to this inner extension 49 is a nozzle 50, terminating in a conical, hollow tip 51, provided with apertures 52,

which are disposed above .the hollow portion 53 of the tip.

Nozzle 5() passes through member 54 whichv is ,ofv generally disk-shaped form :and is seated within the conical. part 32 ofl air duct 3l. As will be seen, this disk is provided withaplura-lity of holes`55, which are so arranged as to `direct air against. and in the direction of the tipA of, the nozzle. These holes are in alignment with apertures 52. The position of the nozzle may be read` ily'adjusted relative to disk 54, by an up and down adjustment ofthe gei-ierator, accomplished by turning adjusting-nut. 46 `in vrigb-t or left handdirections. By so doing the air supplied :through open-ings may be directed in either substantially parallel direction to the contour of thetip of the nozzle, or may be caused to strike the nozzle in a different way. Through this adjustment certain results will. be achieved as will be explained later on.

Disk 55 is preferably held detachably associated with conical extension '32 by clamping` it thereto, as for instance shown at 56.

The adjustment of generator 47 will necessitateA an adjustment ofi supply -pipe 48, which is accomplished `by moving the 'latter up and down in a slot 57 provided in hull 29. Adjustable plate l58, supporting pipe 48, may be moved ineither upward vor downwarddirections, in accordance with the adl justment made of the generator.

The hollow tip ofthe nozzle will retain, before gasification of oil takes place, a small quantity of liquid oil which will be sucked out by. the air current passingthrough openings 55 over .openings 52 of',v the nozzle. Then gasification has commenced, an intimate gas ymixture lbetween theair 'from openings 55and the oil-gas issuingY from openings 52 of the nozzle, will be achieved.

While I have shown in Figs. 4 and 6 a nozzle having a plurality of openings above the hollow part of the tip, and while I have provided for such a tip a number of air supply openings 55, I have illustrated in Fig. 7, another construction, in-which tip 5l. is made of a separate piece and heldcen- .trally in nozzle 50 by means of a central adjustable rod 59. Instead of disk 54 provided with holes 55, I am using an inner conical member and an outennieinber 6l held together in any convenient manner, not shown in the drawings, butA providing between each other a conical circular' opening 62'which is directed against the edge of the opening 63 formed between nozzle 50l and tip 5l. By adjustingv the opening 63, a greater or lesser quantity of fuel may be permitted to pass therethrough. An adjustment ofthe nozzle relative to members 60 'and 6l will result into vari-ations of sprays or mixtures between the tuel and air. Y T-heydierence betweenV theY construction shown in Figs. 4 and' 6 and .that of Fig. 7, is 'that in )the latter design an annular escape of the. fuel and an annular suppl-yfof air is provided. n

Refenrin-g tok Fig. :8, I have fshown amodilied form lof my'flame deflector, which consists of a base member 64 ydishedV asvindicatedlat, .and provided at its :beveledouter Aupper edge 66 with a plurality of apertures L67. The` center .ofthe dished portion is provided with opening 68 from which eX- ,tend-ribs 69, supporting` a central. hub 70. In the latter is provided adjusting Vscrew T71 which supports la doubly ,dished plate 72 in such afmanner as to provide an annular air passage from the center towards the periphery fof the deflector.

`This modified form may be substituted for the one shown in Figs. l and 2 where there .is anecessity. for admitting additional air from. under the flame. 'lhe doubly kdishedmember 72 may be adjusted vto the proper quantity of airA required. f

Operation In installing myv device in anexisting `furnace,..the grate. rbars and the grate bar supports are removedpand preferably, the -door frame ofi the ash .pit door. is also disconnected so as to prov-ide ample space for installing `my. device. First the flame de- -ilectonis placed into the. f-unnace a-ndset at such a height as to permit easy insertion of the rest of any device; Now,.a. refractory, filler vis provided around the flame detlector and'built up towards the edge where .the flame and :thealfater jacket of the boiler meet., y

Inliot; air; furnaces, :the ireproof 'lining is preferably extended somewhat. into .the i re pot. Now the frame 24A isfvplaced at the fronti ofthe asli pit; door extension and the casing is arrangedsotliat its elongated eX- tension may enter the furnace. `rllhe leveling of the .casing is accomplished by adjustingv setf'sc-rews 28. or. their. equivalent. It will be. seen that there is no necessity for a' very` `accunate leveling operation, as it is practically immaterial whether or not. the oil in 'los the generator isleve-l or not, since, when the oil isgasi-ed, it: issues centrally through nozzle 50 and it is evenly distributed at its tip. The .onlyfadjustmentawhich becomes of importance,.1s the. adjustment of the distance .between the nozzle` and the ila-me deiiector. i

Having; placed. the .reduced extension of my device into the furnace, the flange plate 26. is now. attached to frame 24, the necessary. oil connections are made and oil is permittedto enter the generator. Through the nozzle the oil will drip down into the dished `portion of t-he iiame-delector where itt is preferably heated to ignition tempera une.

Thus the parts within the furnace portion of the tip of the flame.

are gradually heated, and first the air conveying parts, and then the generator 1s brought to a temperature permitting the gasification of the oil contained inthe latter. i Through air duct 31 ay quantity of air is permitted to pass into the cone-shaped end 32 and is forced to pass at high velocity through openings 55, or their annular equivalent 62, shown in Fig. 7. This air strikes thetip of the nozzle at a tangent, and sucks whatever liquid oil gathers within the hollow part of the tip, out through ports 52, thereby atomizing it.

. YWhen gas is forming, a pressure is created.

within the generator and the gases issue at a comparatively high velocity from without the nozzle and are being met by the high velocity air current passing from the air duct.

The high velocity ofthe air, passing through the air duct, is achieved by reducing the area of the air duct to that of the 4 holes through which the air is forced against the nozzle.

A larger quantity of air is permitted to enter through the hull of my device into the enlarged head thereof, disposed within the furnace. That air meets very little resistance, as it is permitted to pass not only underneath, but on the sides of the air duct, and, before it issues, it is led into the enlargement or head which terminates into -t-he spout 30.

Between the conical member 32 and the head of the hull, the air passage is somewhat reduced as indicated at P, at which point the velocity of the air is somewhat increased for just a fraction of a second, while in the next moment it is permitted to expand again when reaching the free space, in which it meets with the carburetted mixture composed-of the high velocity air issuing from the duct and the oil-gas issuing from the nozzle. f

Inl-this way, `a very intimate mixture between the combustible and the air is achieved, which is the ideal form of preparing fuel for complete combustion, provided of course, that the quantities of air admitted through the two different air conveyors are regulated together with the quantity of oil admitted to the burner.

, Vhen theflame reaches the outer edge of the flame deflector, by which latter the flame is spread outwards, it very often is advantageous that a small additional air supply is added, at what I may term, vthe middle This is accomplished by admitting air through the circumferentially arranged holes 18. Such additional air supplied, so to speak, Vat the bottom of the fiame, may be also supplied in greater quantities by employing my modified form of the flame defiector shown in Fig. 8. Very often the tips of the flame need additional oxygen, which may be readily supplied in my device by means of opening valve 43 of the upper air duct 42..

When converting oil into gas, it is a natural consequence that, particularly when using heavy oil, a carbon deposit willgradually accumulate within the generator, 1n spite of the fact that the latter is not subjected to direct heat.

In order to readily permit cleaning of the generator or exchanging the nozzle, it is merely necessary to disconnect supply pipe 48 from the generator, and to remove, together with cover 44, the entire generator from its position. This may be done while my entire device remains in the furnace, or while the movable part of my device is pulled from .without the furnace. In the latter way, it is easy to inspect the flame exposed part of the burner and also exchange or clean the generator or its parts without undue efforts. It is a simple thing to replace the burner in its original position after cleaning or inspection, without disturbing the rest of the burner or any part of the furnace.

It is obvious that the regulation of air and oil may be made simultaneously, although the oil valve is not shown in the drawings, and similarly a connection between oil valve and air valves is not illustrated, as such means are a matter of obvious construction.

From the above it will be clearly Linderstood that the principle involved in my device is the combination of an oil convertor, adapted to change the liquid oil into a gaseous fuel, together with a carburetter, consisting of the terminal of the air duct combined with the generator, whereby the air is carburetted by the gas created within the generator immediately before combustion.

It is obvious that while I stress such combination of the generator and carburetter, mydevice may be considered also from another point of view, in that it may be used as a simple nozzle burner, by disregarding the generator entirely. In such event, the adjustment of the nozzle relative to the air ports, forming the terminal of the air duct, becomes of great importance. Depending upon the direction of the air striking the nozzle ports, a broad or reduced oil spray is effected.

Such regulation therefore, becomes important when my device is considered in connection with forced oil feed and forced air supply.

Provisions for making such additions are not shown in the drawings, as they may be obviously incorporated in the design without aecting the principle involved.

While I have shown a specific form of my device, be it understood that the drawings are used merely for demonstrating the prinllo ciple of operation, andv that changes in the design and in the application may be made Without departing from the basic principle thereof. f

Having thus described my invention, I claim: Y p' `1. In combination with aheating plant, an oil burner including a unit consisting of an oil retaining and oil flow retarding generatorand carburetter, a llame deflector provided with air supply means, and adapted to be placed Within the heating plant, a casing partially,extendingbeyond the heating plant and composed of outer and inner members for conveying air at loW and high velocities, respectively, into said heating plant, an oil-gas generator associated with said casingGv and disposed Within saidL heating plant and in close proximity to said flame deflector, and means provided with said casing for controlling air supplied therethrough from Without the heating plant.

2. An oil burner, comprising an oil retaining and oil lionv retardiug generator having oil supply means, oil retaining and oil gas discharge means, inner and outer air supply members arranged. about 'said generator, a llame deflector disposed below said generator, means associated with said air supply members and said flame deflector for regulating the supply of air. i

3. In an'oil burner, an oil gas generator adapted to retain oil and retard itsloW, a nozzle extending therefrom, air supply means directed against said nozzle 'for supplying air at high velocity, other air supply means in near proximity to said nozzle for supplying airat low velocity, andmeans associated With said air supply means for controlling the amount and velocity of air.

l. In an oil burner, a combination generator and carburetter, comprising a generating` chamber adapted to retain eiland retard its lion' and having a discharge nozzle, high velocity airsupply means surrounding it, low `velocity air supply means surrounding said lirst mentioned air supply means, said nozzle and said high velocity air supply means being adjustable relative toeach other, and means associated With both air supply means for controlling air ,passing therethrough.

5. In an oil burner, a casing having a plurality of air supply means, adapted to eX- tend into a furnace, and having supply controls operable from Without the furnace, said casingprovided ivithleveling means, acombination oil-gas generator and carburetter, arrangedk at thev portion of said casing adapted to lie-placed into Vthe furnace, and comprising a substantially closed .chamber having oil supply means, leading through a part of said casing to Without said furnace, a tipped nozzle forming theescape for oil gases `from said generator, oneI of said air supply means adapted to direct air against said tipped nozzle at a comparatively high'velocity, another of said air supply means adapted to admit air at low velocity, still another of said air supplyk means adapted tov admit air above the formed flame; a flame deflector arranged'below said combination generator and carburetter and having means for supplying air to the formed flame, and other means for controlling said air supplying means.

6. In an oil burner, la plurality of controlled air supply means adapted to extend from Without and into a heating plant and terminating in a combinationgenerator' and carburetter, disposed Within a heating plant, said-generator, adapted to convert liquid oil into and provided with an oil-gas escape nozzle, one Vof said air supply means adapted to direct air at high velocity towards said nozzle, thereby causing a Carburation of the air by the'oil gas issuing fr in said nozzle, another of said air supply means admitting air of lovv velocity tothe carburetted mixture,-still another air supply means adapted to admit air above the thus produced combustable mixture; a flame defleotor arranged Within a heating plant and beneath said combination generator and Carburettor and provided With controllable air supply means adapted to supply air from below of the said combustible mixture, said plurality of air supply means being so arranged as to be readily removable from tne heating plant, While said flame deflector remains therein, the portion of said air supply means normally extending" from the heating plant having adjustable air controls and means for leveling the burner. f

7. In an oil burner, the combination With a plurality of air supplying manifolds adapted to project partiallyV into and to extend partially from a furnace, of an oil gas generator associated with and disposed Within'one of the manifolds, and so arranged, to be surrounded by a continuously moving layer of cooling air passing through said manifoldsaid generator comprising a substantially closed chamberfhaving oil retaining `and fuel discharge means, the latter disposed substantially at the center ofthe generator body.

8. In an oil burner `having a Lplurality of air supplying Amanifolds arranged one above the other and adapted to project into and extending from-a` furnace, the combination Withthe'upper said manifold, of an oil gas generatoidisposed iv'thin said manifold and comprising a substantially closed chamber formed by tivo detachable members so located Within said manifold as to be surrounded by constantly moving layer of cooling air` passing through said manifold.

9. In an oil burner having a plurality of air supplying manifolds adapted to project into a furnace, the combination with one of said manifolds, of an oil gas generator disposed within the latter so that it is constantly surrounded by a layer of air, said generator comprising a substantially closed, air excluding chamber having a cover and a downwardly directed oil gas passage, and means kfor retaining a body of liquid oil.

10. In an oil burner having a plurality of air supplying manifolds superimposed one above the other and adapted to partially project into and to partially extend from a furnace, air control means associated with the extending portions of said manifolds, an oil gas generator within the upper manifold so arranged as to be surrounded by air passing through the latter into the furnace, said air preventing direct heat from reaching said generator, whereby the latter is exposed to indirect heat only which radiates from the heated manifold, said generator comprising a substantially closed chamber composed of two detachable members and having means for retaining a body of oil for the purpose of gasifying it, and an oil gas passage leading from the chamber, said passage adapted to convey oil gas to the point of introduction of air from said manifold into the furnace, whereby air is carburetted prior to combustion.

11. In an oil burner having a plurality of air supplying manifolds disposed one above the other and projecting partially into and extending partially from a furnace, the combination of a generator and carburetter, comprising a substantially closed, air excluding chamber disposed within the projecting part of and spaced from the upper' manifold, said generator having oil retaining means, for the purpose of gasifying the oil, and an oil gas discharge passage extending` from within the chamber downwards and into the portion of said manifold where air is delivered into the furnace, thereby causing the' Carburation of the air prior to the point of combustion, said generator, spaced from said manifold, heilig subjected to indirect heat radiating from the heated manifold, and air control means provided at the intake ends of the extending portions of said manifolds.

12. In an oil burner, the combination with a plurality of air supplying manifolds arranged one above the other, of an indirectly heated generator disposed within and spaced from the upper manifold and comprising a substantially air excluding chamber composed of two detachable members, one of which forming a cover, the other having oil retaining' and oil gas escape means, the latter adapted to eject oil gas at substantially the point Where air issues from said manifold.

18. In an oil burner having a plurality of externally controllable air supplying manifolds disposed above one another and adapted to partially project into and to partially extend from a furnace, the combination of an indirectly heated oil gas generator and a carburetter formed in the upper manifold and comprising a generator chamber composed of a cover and a member having oil retaining and oil flow retarding mea-ns, and oil gas discharge means extending downwards, said chamber disposed within the projecting portion of one of said manifolds and being spaced therefrom by a layer of air, said discharge means terminating at substantially the discharge pointof the air passing through said manifold into the furnace, thereby causing the issuing air to be carburized by the escaping oil gas, the spacing of the generator from said manifold preventing direct heat from coming in contact with said generator, thereby exposing the latter to only indirect heat, which radiates from said manifold.

. 14. In an oil burner, a plurality of air supply manifolds disposed one above the other and adapted to partially project into and to partially extend from a furnace, the

lower manifold forming within the furnace a fiame deflector, the upper manifold having its projecting end disposed above and opening against said deector, an oil gas generator disposed within said end and comprising a substantially closed chamber formed by two detachable members and provided with oil retaining and oil flow retarding means, and means for ejccting oil gases formed in said generator, the latter being so arranged within said manifold end as to be surrounded by an insulating layer of moving air which prevents direct heat from coming in contact with the generator.

15. An oil burner comprising a combination of air manifolds, adapted to partially project into and to partially extend from a furnace, their extending portions provided with air supply controls, said manifolds disposed one over another, the end of the lowermost manifold projecting into the furnace having a refractory flame deflector, an indirectly heated generator disposed within the end of a manifold superimposed above said deflector and so arranged as to be surrounded by a moving layer of insulating air, said generator having oil gas discharge means directed towards said deflector, said superimposed manifold adapted to discharge air against said deflector, said lowermost manifold adapted to supply air peripherally to the combustible mixture of oil gas and airissuing from the superimposed manifold.

16. An oil burner, comprising in combijos nation, a plurality of air supply means adapted to extend partially into and to project partially from a furnace, an oil gas generator disposed within and spaced from the Walls of one of said air supply means for preventing said generator from being exposed to direct heat, said air supply means forming, together with said generator, emitting oil gas, a carburetter within a furnace said generator comprising a substantially closed chamber having provisions for retaining oil and substantially centrally located means for discharging fuel therefrom.

17. An oil burner, comprising a flame deflector, forming the end of an air supply manifold extending partially into and projecting from a furnace, a combination generator and carburetter unit superimposed above said deflector and comprising the end of an air manifold inserted into the furnace and housing a substantially closed chamber having a detachable cover and means for retaining oil and retarding its liow and means for discharging oil gas towards said deflector, and air control means provided at the manifold ends projecting from the furnace.

18. In an oil burner composed of a plurality of air conveying manifolds disposed one above the other and adapted to extend into and to partially project from a furnace into which they are permanently set, a generator associated with the upper manifold and so arranged as to be removable therethrough and from the latter without necessitating the removal or displacement of any part of the burner.

19. In an oil burner composed of a plu- 4 rality of air conveying manifolds disposed one above the other and adapted to extend into and to partially project from and to be permanently associated with an existing furnace, a generator member, adapted to be positioned within the furnace, associated with and air-insulated from the upper manifold and so arranged as to be removable from within said manifoldl without necessitating the removal or disturbance of any one of the parts of the burner permanently associated with the furnace.

20. In combination with a heating plant, an oil burner, comprising a plurality of air supply manifolds disposed one above the other, and adapted to partially project into and to partially extend from said plant, an oil gas generator disposed within and airspaced from the walls of the upper manifold and having means for retaining and retarding the flow of oil, and discharge means for oil gases, said generator and said manifold, housing the latter, forming a generator and carburetter unit within said plant,

\ the lower manifold having a refractory flame deflector disposed below said generator and carburetter unit, and air control means provided at the extending portions of said manifolds.

Signed at New York in the county of` New York and State of New York this 26th day of January, A. D. 1927.

PAUL M. KLEIN. 

